What is an Object Oriented Programming (OOP)?
Definition of Object Oriented Programming:
The Object Oriented Programming ( OOPs ) can be defined as a programming model or paradigm that emphasizes or focus mainly on objects. The object oriented programming considers data important rather than actions (functions). Object Oriented Programming is not a programming language rather than it is a programming model that the programming languages follow.
There are some basic concepts of the Object Oriented Programming those are implemented by the Object Oriented Programming languages. Simula was the first object-oriented programming language. Java, Python, C++, Visual Basic .NET and Ruby are the most popular OOP languages today.
Basic concepts of Object Oriented Programming:
- Class in OOP -
The class is a model or blueprint or prototype of an object that defines or specifies all the properties of the objects. Read more...
- An Object in OOP -
An object is an entity or instance of a class. The objects are mostly the physical entity but it can be a logical entity as well. Each object has state and behaviours. Read more...
- Abstraction in OOP -
Abstraction means hiding the implementation and showing only functionality to the user. Read more...
- Encapsulation in OOP -
Encapsulation is the process of binding the data by making it private and functions to process that data into a single unit. Encapsulation provides security to the data. Read more...
- Inheritance in OOP -
Inheritance is the process of acquiring or sharing the properties and behaviours of the base class into the sub class to achieve reusability. Read more...
- Polymorphism in OOP -
Polymorphism mean same name having different functionality. Read more...
- Data Hiding in OOP -
Data hiding is the process of making the data members private so those will not be visible to other classes. The data of a object is not accessible to another objects, because each object has independent copy of the instance variables.
Following are the important benefits of Object Oriented Programming by using basic concepts:
- The class concept not only reuse the code within the program in which it is written but also we can reuse the class members in another program, this will achieves reusability and modularity.
- An object of class creates the separate copies of the instance data members that means changing the values of a variable in an object will not change or reflect the values of variables in another object, so the code will not be able to accidentally access other program data. This characteristic of data hiding provides greater system security and avoids unintended data corruption.
- The abstraction concept is very useful for project modelling, that will show only necessary part and will hide the actual implementation from the user.
- The inheritance concept makes it possible to define subclasses of data objects that acquire or share base class characteristics. This property of OOP forces a more thorough data analysis, reduces development time, reusing the code and ensures more accurate coding.
